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Accelerated enamel mineralization in Dspp mutant mice.

Kostas Verdelis¹, Heather L Szabo-Rogers², Yang Xu³

¹Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261F, United States; Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States; Mineralized Tissues Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, United States.

Matrix Biology : Journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology

|January 19, 2016

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Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) is crucial for tooth mineralization. DSPP deficiency accelerates enamel formation but compromises the dentin-enamel junction, impacting tooth structure and integrity.

Area of Science:

Biomineralization
Dental Development
Molecular Biology

Background:

Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) is a key non-collagenous protein in dentin, cementum, and alveolar bone.
DSPP mutations cause dentinogenesis imperfecta II and dentin dysplasia, leading to hypomineralized teeth.
Previous studies showed severe dentin hypomineralization in Dspp(-/-) mice.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of DSPP in enamel mineralization onset.
To analyze enamel development in Dspp(-/-) mice incisors and molars.
To understand the interdependence of dentin and enamel formation.

Main Methods:

High-resolution microCT analysis of Dspp(-/-) and Dspp(+/-) mouse incisors and molars.
Microscopic examination of odontogenesis stages.

Keywords:

Dentin Dentin sialophosphoprotein Dentino-enamel junction Enamel Odontogenesis

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Analysis of enamel structure, mineral density, and hardness.

Main Results:

Enamel matrix deposition onset was closer to the cervical loop in Dspp(-/-) incisors.
Enamel secretion and maturation were accelerated in Dspp(-/-) incisors.
A compromised dentin-enamel junction with delamination was observed.
DSPP mRNA expression was detected in secretory ameloblasts.

Conclusions:

DSPP plays a critical role in the normal mineralization of both dentin and enamel.
DSPP deficiency affects enamel development timing and the dentin-enamel junction integrity.
DSPP is expressed in ameloblasts, suggesting a direct role in enamel formation.