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Pulse Oximetry

Pulse Oximetry

Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Non-Invasive Monitoring of Microvascular Oxygenation and Reactive Hyperemia using Hybrid, Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for Critical Care

Non-Invasive Monitoring of Microvascular Oxygenation and Reactive Hyperemia using Hybrid, Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for Critical Care

Published on: May 10, 2024

A Clinical Tissue Oximeter Using NIR Time-Resolved Spectroscopy.

Shin-Ichi Fujisaka¹, Takeo Ozaki², Tsuyoshi Suzuki²

¹Systems Division, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Japan. fujisaka@sys.hpk.co.jp.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|January 20, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new tissue oximeter, the tNIRS-1, uses near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS) for accurate measurements of hemoglobin and oxygen saturation in tissues. Clinical evaluations confirm its usability and efficacy in healthcare settings.

Keywords:

Medical device Multi-pixel photon counter NIRS Time-resolved spectroscopy Tissue oximeter

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Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Published on: October 2, 2020

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Optical Spectroscopy

Background:

Clinical tissue oximetry is crucial for monitoring oxygenation.
Existing methods may have limitations in accuracy or portability.
Near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS) offers potential for advanced tissue analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and evaluate the tNIRS-1, a novel clinical tissue oximeter.
To assess the accuracy and reproducibility of the tNIRS-1 device.
To determine the clinical usability and efficacy of the tNIRS-1.

Main Methods:

Development of the tNIRS-1, a compact, low-cost, low-power TRS instrument.
Utilized pulsed laser diodes (LD), multi-pixel photon counters (MPPC), and time-to-digital converters (TDC).
Validation using blood phantoms and healthy volunteers, comparing against conventional SRS and earlier TRS systems.

Main Results:

The tNIRS-1 demonstrated correct and reproducible measurement data.
Comparison studies validated the device's performance against established systems.
Clinical evaluations confirmed high usability in hospital environments.

Conclusions:

The tNIRS-1 is a validated clinical tissue oximeter.
The device provides accurate and reproducible measurements of tissue oxygenation.
The tNIRS-1 shows significant promise for clinical applications.