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Related Concept Videos

Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

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Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Establishment of a Valuable Mimic of Alzheimer's Disease in Rat Animal Model by Intracerebroventricular Injection of Composited Amyloid Beta Protein
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White matter hyperintensity microstructure in amyloid dysmetabolism.

Lisa F Kalheim1,2, Atle Bjørnerud3, Tormod Fladby4,2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway Lisa.Flem.Kalheim@ahus.no.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
|January 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Amyloid accumulation is linked to microstructural damage in white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in individuals with cognitive decline. This suggests amyloid impacts cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’scerebrospinal fluidcognitive impairmentdiffusion tensor imagingwhite matter disease

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuropathology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasingly linked.
  • White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are common in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD, but their precise connection to AD pathology is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of amyloid dysmetabolism on the white matter microstructure of WMHs.
  • To explore the relationship between amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) levels and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics in WMHs.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 51 subjects with MCI or subjective cognitive decline, divided into amyloid-β positive (Aβ+) and negative (Aβ-) groups based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42 levels.
  • Utilized magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (DR), axial diffusivity (DA), and mean diffusivity (MD) in WMHs.
  • Analyzed WMH volume and distribution, and the influence of age and WMH volume on DTI indices.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in WMH volume or distribution were observed between Aβ+ and Aβ- groups.
  • Higher axial diffusivity (DA), radial diffusivity (DR), and mean diffusivity (MD) were found in WMHs of Aβ+ individuals compared to Aβ-.
  • No significant differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) were detected between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Amyloid accumulation is associated with impaired structural integrity within WMHs, potentially involving demyelination and axonal loss.
  • These findings suggest that amyloid pathology may exacerbate the effects of ischemia in WMHs, contributing to cognitive decline.