Psychosocial issues in ventricular assist device implantation and management

The primary goal of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is to increase quantity and quality of life (QOL) in patients with systolic heart failure refractory to medical therapies. A key contributor to the success in MCS therapy is a comprehensive assessment of the candidate for device implantation. A crucial element of that assessment is an evaluation of the individual's psychosocial status, recommended by most current MCS guidelines. By focusing on criteria including drug, alcohol and tobacco abuse, ability to learn and problem solve, history of adherence to medical regimens, and adequate psychosocial support following implant, the team has an opportunity to create an individualized post-discharge plan that addresses identified gaps and optimizes the patient's likelihood for success. Information gathered also provides the team with a setting in which to discuss the patient's personal goals for the therapy and advanced care planning. We explore all of these issues and offer recommendations for approaching psychosocial assessment for MCS patients.