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Related Concept Videos

Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

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Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
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Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

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Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
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Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

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Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use01:23

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Introduction to AEDAn Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating, leading to a loss of blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. In such emergencies, time is of the essence, and using an AED, combined with Cardiopulmonary...
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Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings01:29

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Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving technique for managing acute respiratory failure and other respiratory complications. The process involves using a machine known as a ventilator to supply oxygen to the lungs and assist in removing carbon dioxide. It serves as a bridge to long-term mechanical ventilation or a temporary measure until ventilatory support is discontinued. The ventilator can maintain this function for a prolonged period, providing critical support for patients until they can...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Insertion, Maintenance, and Removal of the Percutaneous Dual Lumen Cannula Right Ventricular Assist Device
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Pediatric ventricular assist devices.

Iki Adachi1, Sarah Burki1, Farhan Zafar1

  • 11 Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA ; 2 Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Journal of Thoracic Disease
|January 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric ventricular assist device (VAD) use is advancing, narrowing the gap with adult care. While the Berlin EXCOR VAD shows success, new continuous-flow devices offer expanded treatment options for children.

Keywords:
Pediatricchildrenmechanical circulatory support (MCS)ventricular assist device (VAD)

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Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Juvenile Landrace Swine: A LVAD Implantation Model of Pediatric Heart Failure
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Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Juvenile Landrace Swine: A LVAD Implantation Model of Pediatric Heart Failure
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Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Juvenile Landrace Swine: A LVAD Implantation Model of Pediatric Heart Failure

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric cardiology and mechanical circulatory support.
  • Advancements in ventricular assist device (VAD) technology.

Background:

  • Pediatric mechanical circulatory support (MCS) historically lagged behind adult applications.
  • The Berlin EXCOR VAD is the sole FDA-approved pediatric VAD, demonstrating high success rates but also significant adverse events.
  • Increasing use of adult continuous-flow VADs in children has expanded treatment possibilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review contemporary VAD therapy in pediatrics.
  • To highlight challenges unique to pediatric VAD application.
  • To discuss emerging VAD technologies for children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical trial data on pediatric VADs.
  • Analysis of outcomes and adverse events associated with existing VADs.
  • Discussion of ongoing and future VAD development for pediatric use.

Main Results:

  • The Berlin EXCOR VAD achieved a ~90% success rate (bridge-to-transplantation or recovery) but with notable adverse events.
  • Adult VADs are increasingly used in pediatric patients, enabling outpatient management and destination therapy.
  • Next-generation VADs and pediatric-specific continuous-flow devices are in development, promising wider application.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric VAD therapy is rapidly evolving, with narrowing gaps in technology and application compared to adults.
  • Adverse events remain a concern, driving innovation in device design and patient management.
  • The future holds promising advancements for pediatric VADs, expanding treatment horizons for children with heart failure.