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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Smooth Tubercle Bacilli: Neglected Opportunistic Tropical Pathogens.

Djaltou Aboubaker Osman1, Feriel Bouzid2, Stéphane Canaan3

  • 1Aix-Marseille Université, URMITE, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille, France; Centre d'Études et de Recherche de Djibouti (CERD), Institut de Recherche Médicinale (IRM), Djibouti, Republic of Djibouti.

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Smooth tubercle bacilli (STB) are unusual members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) causing non-contagious tuberculosis. Their genetic diversity and unknown environmental reservoir require further study.

Keywords:
DjiboutiHorn of AfricaMycobacterium tuberculosis complexamoebascellulasessmooth tubercle bacilli“Mycobacterium canettii”

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Smooth tubercle bacilli (STB), including Mycobacterium canettii, are part of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC).
  • These bacteria cause a non-contagious form of tuberculosis in humans.
  • STB are characterized by smooth colonies and cordless organisms, with most isolates originating from Djibouti.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the genetic heterogeneity and potential reservoir of STB.
  • To investigate the transmission routes and clinical presentation of STB-caused tuberculosis.
  • To clarify the relationship between STB and other mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium kansasii.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic analysis of STB isolates.
  • Review of existing clinical and epidemiological data.
  • Comparison of STB with other MTBC members and related mycobacteria.

Main Results:

  • STB represent a genetically diverse group within the MTBC, with large genomes (approx. 4.48 Mb).
  • Isolates have been found in diverse geographical locations beyond Djibouti, including France, Madagascar, East Africa, and French Polynesia.
  • Evidence suggests a potential environmental reservoir and both respiratory and digestive routes of contamination.

Conclusions:

  • STB are an unusual and genetically heterogeneous group within the MTBC.
  • The lack of apparent human-to-human transmission suggests an environmental origin.
  • Further research is crucial to understand the epidemiology, clinical features, and reservoir of STB.