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Gingival biotype characterization--a study in a Portuguese sample.

Ana Peixoto, Tiago M Marques, André Correia

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    Gingival phenotype is influenced by gender, affecting crown width/length, papilla height, and gingival angle. Gingival thickness correlates with all studied variables, and tooth form impacts gingival characteristics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dentistry
    • Periodontology
    • Oral Morphology

    Background:

    • Gingival phenotype is a crucial diagnostic factor in oral conditions.
    • It encompasses soft tissue appearance, genetic traits, and post-manipulation gingival characteristics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the association between gender and various gingival morphometric variables.
    • To investigate the relationship between tooth form and gingival characteristics.
    • To determine correlations between gingival thickness and other measured parameters.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical intraoral examinations and standardized photographs of the anterior maxillary area were performed.
    • Fifty patients were analyzed for crown width/length ratio, papilla height, gingival width, gingival thickness, gingival angle, and asymmetry.
    • Statistical analysis was employed to assess relationships between variables.

    Main Results:

    • Gender showed a significant association with crown width/length ratio, papilla height, and gingival angle.
    • Gingival thickness was significantly correlated with all analyzed variables (P<0.001).
    • A positive correlation was observed between GLA angle and LID values; absolute asymmetry was 2.8 degrees.

    Conclusions:

    • Gender significantly influences crown width/length ratio, papilla height, and gingival angle.
    • Gingival thickness is strongly correlated with all investigated gingival and dental variables.
    • Tooth form demonstrably impacts the studied gingival characteristics.