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Challenges in circulating tumor cell detection by the CellSearch system.

Kiki C Andree1, Guus van Dalum1, Leon W M M Terstappen1

  • 1Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, University of Twente, Hallenweg 23, 7522 NH Enschede, The Netherlands.

Molecular Oncology
|January 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Enumerating circulating tumor cells (CTCs) via liquid biopsy is challenging due to background cells. The CellSearch system, while FDA-cleared, faces difficulties in CTC identification and requires standardized criteria.

Keywords:
CellSearchCirculating tumor cellsEpithelial cell adhesion moleculeRare event detection

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) offer real-time liquid biopsy potential but are difficult to isolate from blood.
  • The CellSearch system, FDA-cleared in 2004, enumerates CTCs in metastatic carcinomas, with presence indicating poor prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review challenges in CellSearch system development for CTC enumeration.
  • To discuss difficulties in assigning objects as CTCs and the need for standardized definitions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the CellSearch system's development and limitations.
  • Analysis of challenges in CTC isolation, enumeration, and characterization.

Main Results:

  • CellSearch system development faced technical hurdles in CTC identification.
  • CTC heterogeneity and varied isolation/characterization methods lead to inconsistent reported counts.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized definitions and clear criteria for CTC assignment are urgently needed.
  • Addressing these challenges is crucial for reliable CTC-based diagnostics and prognostics.