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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

1.1K
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
739
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

414
Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
414
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

760
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
760
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

1.6K
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
1.6K
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

695
The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
695

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Evaluation of a Reliable Biomarker in a Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Mouse Model of Sepsis
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Cardiac dysfunction and circulating cardiac markers during sepsis.

Roberto Latini1, Pietro Caironi, Serge Masson

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy - roberto.latini@marionegri.it.

Minerva Anestesiologica
|January 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Cardiac dysfunction is common in severe sepsis and septic shock, worsening patient prognosis. Cardiac biomarkers like troponins and natriuretic peptides aid in monitoring and managing cardiovascular complications in sepsis.

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A Sensitive and Specific Quantitation Method for Determination of Serum Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein-C by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay
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Evaluation of a Reliable Biomarker in a Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Mouse Model of Sepsis
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A Sensitive and Specific Quantitation Method for Determination of Serum Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein-C by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Severe sepsis and septic shock frequently cause myocardial depression, a significant yet often misdiagnosed cardiovascular complication.
  • Cardiac dysfunction in sepsis is associated with a poorer patient prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the etiology, pathophysiology, monitoring, and clinical manifestations of cardiac dysfunction in sepsis.
  • To evaluate the role of circulating cardiac biomarkers in sepsis management, particularly troponins and natriuretic peptides.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction.
  • Analysis of evidence regarding the utility of cardiac biomarkers (troponins, natriuretic peptides) in sepsis.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac biomarkers show prognostic value in sepsis, though with marginal accuracy improvement over clinical scores.
  • Troponins indicate myocardial injury, while natriuretic peptides reflect cardiac wall stress and fluid balance.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac biomarkers offer potential for unmet needs in daily sepsis care, especially for cardiovascular monitoring during supportive therapy.
  • These markers are valuable tools for managing sepsis patients with comorbidities and limited functional reserve.