Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Genetic Lingo

Genetic Lingo

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...

Organization of the Brain

Organization of the Brain

The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...

Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

Human Genetics

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...

Neural Regulation

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Impaired event-related theta spectral coherence in emotional facial expression processing in neurodegenerative disorders.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026

Same author

Intermittent pneumatic compression does not improve post-match neuromuscular, biochemical or perceptual recovery in international-level youth soccer players: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation·2026

Same author

Functional Connectivity Between Human Motor and Somatosensory Areas During a Multifinger Tapping Task: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

NeuroSci·2026

Same author

<i>irreversibility</i>: A Python Package for Assessing and Manipulating the Time Irreversibility of Real-World Time Series.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

A large-scale data set of aircraft interaction networks.

PloS one·2025

Same author

infomeasure: a comprehensive Python package for information theory measures and estimators.

Scientific reports·2025

Same journal

Peripheral B-cell receptor repertoire predicts immune-related adverse events following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Effects of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae zoocompost on the mineral element content of blue honeysuckle berries.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Investigation on absorption refrigeration performance of R1243zf with imidazolium ionic liquid as the working pairs.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

DeepTriage-CN: integrating clinical text with vital signs for emergency department admission prediction in an aging population.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Gold nanoparticles as dual-action antiviral agents: disruption of SARS-CoV-2 viral envelopes and RNA integrity.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Comparison of capillary microsampling and venous blood for multi-pathogen serosurveillance.

Scientific reports·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

From phenotype to genotype in complex brain networks.

Massimiliano Zanin^1,2, Marco Correia¹, Pedro A C Sousa³

¹Science and Technology Faculty, Computer Science Department, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.

Scientific Reports

|January 23, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce a framework to optimize and validate generative models for complex networks, addressing the genotype to phenotype problem. Our method ensures models are non-monotonic for accurate analysis, applicable beyond neuroscience.

More Related Videos

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Published on: June 26, 2013

Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms

Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms

Published on: November 1, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Published on: June 26, 2013

Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms

Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms

Published on: November 1, 2019

Area of Science:

Network science
Computational modeling

Background:

Generative models analyze complex network growth (genotype to phenotype problem).
A complete methodology, especially for model validation, remains an open challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a quantitative framework for optimizing and validating generative model creation.
To establish criteria for model utility in understanding network topology.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a classification task to estimate the precision added by modeled genotype.
Evaluating feature selection, parameter optimization, and result validation.

Main Results:

A minimum requirement for generative models is a non-monotonic genotype-to-phenotype mapping.
A previously published model failed this condition, questioning its use in neurological disorder studies.

Conclusions:

The proposed framework offers a robust method for generative model development and validation.
This approach is broadly applicable to various network types, including social and technological networks.