Strain engineering of graphene: a review

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Condensed Matter Physics
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Graphene is a unique 2D material with exceptional strength and elasticity.
• Its ability to sustain large elastic strain (>20%) enables property tuning.
• This has led to the emergence of the field of graphene straintronics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current progress in strain engineering of graphene.
• To summarize the effects of strain on graphene's electronic structure and Raman spectra.
• To highlight advancements in graphene straintronics and its applications.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on graphene strain engineering.
• Analysis of strain effects on electronic band structure.
• Investigation of strain-induced changes in Raman spectra.
• Discussion of electron-phonon coupling and pseudomagnetic field effects.

Main Results:

• Strain significantly modifies graphene's electronic structure and Raman spectra.
• Biaxial strain enhances electron-phonon coupling.
• Non-uniform strain induces strong pseudomagnetic fields.
• Strain engineering shows potential for self-assembly of foreign atoms on graphene.

Conclusions:

• Graphene straintronics is a rapidly advancing field with significant potential.
• Strain engineering offers a powerful method to control graphene's properties.
• Further research is expected to yield novel applications in electronics and materials science.