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Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
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Reduced default mode network connectivity following combat trauma.

Julia A DiGangi1, Armin Tadayyon2, Daniel A Fitzgerald1

  • 1Mental Health Service Line, Jesse Brown Veterans Administration Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Neuroscience Letters
|January 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Combat trauma, not necessarily PTSD, may alter brain connectivity. This study found reduced default mode network (DMN) connectivity in veterans with and without PTSD compared to healthy controls, suggesting trauma exposure impacts the DMN.

Keywords:
CombatDMNPTSDRestTraumafMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with altered functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN).
  • Limited research has specifically investigated the impact of combat trauma on the DMN, independent of a PTSD diagnosis.
  • Existing literature suggests trauma exposure itself, rather than PTSD pathology, may disrupt DMN connectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of combat trauma and PTSD on DMN functional connectivity during resting-state conditions.
  • To compare DMN connectivity in veterans with PTSD, combat-exposed veterans without PTSD, and never-traumatized healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
  • Functional connectivity within the DMN was analyzed using seed-based correlation analysis.
  • Participants included veterans with PTSD, combat-exposed controls, and healthy civilian controls.

Main Results:

  • Veterans exposed to combat trauma, with or without PTSD, exhibited reduced DMN functional connectivity compared to healthy controls.
  • Both veteran groups showed weaker connectivity within a network including the precuneus, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and right superior parietal lobule.
  • These DMN alterations were observed irrespective of the chosen seed region (mPFC or precuneus).

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that the experience of combat trauma, rather than the presence of PTSD, is associated with changes in DMN functional connectivity.
  • Trauma exposure may be a significant factor in the observed DMN disruptions in military veterans.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the long-term neural consequences of combat trauma.