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Related Concept Videos

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
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Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
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Dietary zinc supplementation increased TNFα and IL1β-induced RANKL expression, resulting in a decrease in bone

Takako Suzuki1, Shin-Ichi Katsumata1, Hiroshi Matsuzaki1

  • 1Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.

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High dietary zinc intake in rats reduced bone mineral density by increasing bone resorption. This effect was linked to elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor α and Interleukin-1β, promoting osteoclastogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Bone Metabolism
  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Mineral Metabolism

Background:

  • Dietary zinc is essential for bone health.
  • High zinc intake effects on bone are not fully understood.
  • Understanding zinc's role in bone resorption is crucial for preventing bone loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying dietary zinc levels on bone metabolism in rats.
  • To determine the relationship between zinc supplementation and bone mineral density.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying zinc-induced changes in bone resorption.

Main Methods:

  • Wistar rats were fed diets with 30, 300, or 3000 mg zinc/kg for 4 weeks.
  • Femur zinc content, bone mineral density, and gene expression (metallothioneins, zinc transporters, inflammatory cytokines, osteoclastogenesis markers) were analyzed.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess mRNA expression levels.

Main Results:

  • Femur zinc content increased with dietary zinc levels.
  • Bone mineral density significantly decreased in high zinc groups (300 and 3000 mg/kg).
  • Expression of metallothioneins, tumor necrosis factor α, Interleukin-1β, and key osteoclastogenesis genes (e.g., receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand) were upregulated in high zinc groups.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary zinc supplementation, particularly at high levels, can negatively impact bone health by decreasing bone mineral density.
  • Increased bone resorption, mediated by elevated tumor necrosis factor α and Interleukin-1β, appears to be a key mechanism.
  • These findings suggest a potential threshold for beneficial zinc intake in bone metabolism, with excessive intake promoting bone loss.