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Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
Published on: August 6, 2018
Vacuum space charge effects in sub-picosecond soft X-ray photoemission on a molecular adsorbate layer
M Dell'Angela, T Anniyev1, M Beye
1SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
Abstract:
Vacuum space charge induced kinetic energy shifts of O 1s and Ru 3d core levels in femtosecond soft X-ray photoemission spectra (PES) have been studied at a free electron laser (FEL) for an oxygen layer on Ru(0001). We fully reproduced the measurements by simulating the in-vacuum expansion of the photoelectrons and demonstrate the space charge contribution of the high-order harmonics in the FEL beam. Employing the same analysis for 400 nm pump-X-ray probe PES, we can disentangle the delay dependent Ru 3d energy shifts into effects induced by space charge and by lattice heating from the femtosecond pump pulse.
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