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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation
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microRNAs in Psoriasis.

Jason E Hawkes1, Giang Huong Nguyen2, Mayumi Fujita2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|January 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs are small molecules that regulate gene expression and are increasingly recognized for their role in psoriasis pathogenesis. This review details their function in this chronic inflammatory skin condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with complex pathogenesis.
  • The exact mechanisms underlying psoriasis development are not fully understood.
  • microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of microRNAs.
  • To elucidate the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on microRNAs and psoriasis.
  • Analysis of studies investigating miRNA expression and function in psoriatic skin.

Main Results:

  • Accumulating evidence highlights the involvement of specific miRNAs in psoriasis.
  • MicroRNAs influence key pathways in keratinocyte and immune cell function relevant to psoriasis.
  • Dysregulation of miRNAs contributes to the inflammatory processes in psoriasis.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are critical regulators in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
  • Targeting microRNAs presents a potential therapeutic strategy for psoriasis.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand miRNA networks in psoriasis.