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¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

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When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
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Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
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Accelerated 3D echo-planar imaging with compressed sensing for time-resolved hyperpolarized 13 C studies.

Benjamin J Geraghty1,2, Justin Y C Lau1,2, Albert P Chen3

  • 1Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|January 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method for faster hyperpolarized 13C metabolic imaging, enabling large field-of-view scans with compressed sensing. The technique accurately preserves metabolic information, allowing for up to 3-fold acceleration without loss of resolution or artifacts.

Keywords:
accelerationcompressed sensingecho-planar imaginghyperpolarized 13Cmetabolic imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Metabolic Imaging
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Hyperpolarized 13C metabolic imaging offers insights into cellular metabolism.
  • Current methods face limitations in achieving large field-of-view and time-resolved volumetric coverage.
  • Compressed sensing (CS) is a promising framework for accelerating MRI data acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement a novel data acquisition and image reconstruction method for large field-of-view, time-resolved hyperpolarized 13C metabolic imaging.
  • To leverage the compressed sensing framework to accelerate imaging speed.
  • To enable volumetric coverage with improved spatial and temporal resolution.

Main Methods:

  • A spectral-spatial pulse and symmetric echo-planar imaging (EPI) readout were used for a 72 × 18 cm2 field of view at 5 × 5 mm2 resolution.
  • Random undersampling was achieved using blipped z-gradients during the EPI readout ramp.
  • The developed sequence and reconstruction were validated with phantom studies and in vivo hyperpolarized 13C scans in rats.

Main Results:

  • Compressed sensing (CS) reconstructed images showed no artifacts and maintained resolution.
  • Structural similarity analysis confirmed accurate recovery of spatial features in metabolic images.
  • Lactate-to-pyruvate ratios in rat kidneys were consistent between retrospectively and prospectively undersampled data.

Conclusions:

  • A novel z-blip acquisition sequence for CS-accelerated hyperpolarized 13C 3D EPI was successfully developed and demonstrated.
  • The method preserves metabolic information, achieving acceleration factors up to 3-fold.
  • This technique facilitates improved volumetric coverage for time-resolved metabolic imaging.