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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

22.0K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

3.8K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
3.8K
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

99
The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

6.8K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
6.8K
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

831
Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
831
Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

1.5K
Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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Interaction between Polymeric Additives and Secondary Fluids in Capillary Suspensions.

Boris Bitsch1, Björn Braunschweig2, Norbert Willenbacher1

  • 1Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Gotthard-Franz-Strasse 3, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.

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Summary

Careful selection of polymers and solvents in capillary suspensions is key to controlling paste properties. This research reveals how additives and liquids influence particle network formation for tailored rheology and binding.

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Challenges in Rheological Characterization of Highly Concentrated Suspensions — A Case Study for Screen-printing Silver Pastes
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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Capillary suspensions are novel ternary systems offering unique properties for paste formulations.
  • Understanding the interplay between solid particles, polymers, and liquids is crucial for controlling their behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different polymers and organic solvents affect the formation of particle networks in graphite-based capillary suspensions.
  • To elucidate the role of polymer adsorption and solvent polarity in dictating rheological properties.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation and rheological characterization of aqueous graphite suspensions with various polymers (poly(ethylene oxide), carboxymethylcellulose, poly(vinylpyrrolidone)) and organic solvents of differing polarity.
  • Utilized vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy to probe polymer-surface interactions.

Main Results:

  • Non-adsorbing poly(ethylene oxide) induced network formation with all solvents, regardless of wetting preference.
  • Adsorbing polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, poly(vinylpyrrolidone)) required polar organic solvents to form networks, attributed to solvent-induced polymer desorption and capillary bridging.
  • Nonpolar solvents prevented network formation due to steric repulsion, hindering cluster formation.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of polymeric additives and secondary fluids significantly impacts capillary suspension network structure and rheological behavior.
  • This study provides a pathway to customize paste formulations by controlling viscosity, shear thinning, and binding properties through careful material selection.