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Overview of Exosomes

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Detection of Exosomal Biomarker by Electric Field-induced Release and Measurement EFIRM

Detection of Exosomal Biomarker by Electric Field-induced Release and Measurement EFIRM

Published on: January 23, 2015

Integrated Magneto-Electrochemical Sensor for Exosome Analysis.

Sangmoo Jeong¹, Jongmin Park¹, Divya Pathania¹

¹Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital , 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.

|January 26, 2016

Summary

This study introduces a rapid, on-site sensor for detecting exosomes, which are key biomarkers for early cancer detection. The new technology offers sensitive and quick screening of cancer-related protein markers in patient samples.

Keywords:

cancer diagnostics electrochemical sensing extracellular vesicles point-of-care

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Using Nanoplasmon-Enhanced Scattering and Low-Magnification Microscope Imaging to Quantify Tumor-Derived Exosomes

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Multimodal Analytical Platform on a Multiplexed Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Chip for the Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle Subsets

Multimodal Analytical Platform on a Multiplexed Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Chip for the Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle Subsets

Published on: March 17, 2023

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Last Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Detection of Exosomal Biomarker by Electric Field-induced Release and Measurement EFIRM

Detection of Exosomal Biomarker by Electric Field-induced Release and Measurement EFIRM

Published on: January 23, 2015

Using Nanoplasmon-Enhanced Scattering and Low-Magnification Microscope Imaging to Quantify Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Using Nanoplasmon-Enhanced Scattering and Low-Magnification Microscope Imaging to Quantify Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Published on: May 24, 2019

Multimodal Analytical Platform on a Multiplexed Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Chip for the Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle Subsets

Multimodal Analytical Platform on a Multiplexed Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Chip for the Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle Subsets

Published on: March 17, 2023

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Nanotechnology
Biomarker Discovery

Background:

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are nanoscale particles carrying molecular cargo from parent cells.
EVs are promising biomarkers for early cancer detection and monitoring, especially for challenging cancers.
Current methods for exosome detection can be slow and lack sensitivity for widespread clinical use.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a compact, rapid, and on-site sensor technology for exosome screening.
To enable sensitive and specific detection of cancer-related protein markers on exosomes.
To demonstrate the feasibility of high-throughput exosome profiling using miniaturized sensor technology.

Main Methods:

Development of an integrated magneto-electrochemical assay for exosome capture and detection.
Utilizing immunomagnetic enrichment and enzymatic amplification for enhanced sensitivity.
Implementation of a portable, eight-channel device for simultaneous multi-marker profiling.

Main Results:

Achieved highly sensitive and cell-specific exosome detection.
Demonstrated sensor miniaturization and potential for scale-up for high-throughput analysis.
Successfully screened extracellular vesicles in plasma samples from ovarian cancer patients within one hour.

Conclusions:

The developed sensor technology offers a significant advancement in speed and sensitivity for exosome-based cancer biomarker detection.
This on-site screening approach has the potential to improve early cancer diagnosis and patient monitoring.
The integrated magneto-electrochemical assay provides a versatile platform for high-throughput profiling of multiple exosome markers.