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Modulating activity in the orbitofrontal cortex changes trustees' cooperation: A transcranial direct current

Guangrong Wang1, Jianbiao Li2, Xile Yin2

  • 1Neural Decision Science Laboratory, Weifang University, PR China; Selten Laboratory, Nankai University, PR China; China Academy of Corporate Governance, Nankai University, PR China.

Behavioural Brain Research
|January 26, 2016
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Summary

Guilt aversion influences cooperative behavior. Stimulating the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) causally increased cooperative behavior in a trust game.

Keywords:
CooperationOFCReciprocityTrust gametDCS

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Economics

Background:

  • Trust and cooperation are fundamental to societal function.
  • Guilt aversion is a proposed motivator for cooperative behavior.
  • The right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is implicated in guilt processing, but its causal role in cooperation is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal effect of the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) on cooperative behavior.
  • To explore the role of guilt aversion in motivating pro-social actions.

Main Methods:

  • Employed transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the right OFC.
  • Sixty participants acted as trustees in a trust game.
  • Compared cooperative behavior under active tDCS (anodal OFC, cathodal DLPFC) versus sham stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Participants receiving tDCS over the right OFC exhibited significantly increased cooperative behavior (higher money transfer back).
  • This effect was compared to the sham stimulation control group.

Conclusions:

  • Right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activity causally influences cooperative behavior.
  • Findings support the role of guilt aversion, mediated by the OFC, in promoting pro-social actions.