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High Throughput Analysis of Liquid Droplet Impacts
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Airflows generated by an impacting drop.

Irmgard Bischofberger1, Bahni Ray2, Jeffrey F Morris3

  • 1The James Franck and Enrico Fermi Institutes and The Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.

Soft Matter
|January 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Lowering air pressure completely suppresses splashing of impacting drops. This study reveals how air flow structures, like vortices and rings, emerge around spreading drops, independent of splashing thresholds.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Surface science
  • Aerosol science

Background:

  • Liquid drop impact on solid surfaces typically causes splashing and droplet ejection.
  • Splashing is suppressed when the ambient air pressure is reduced.
  • The precise mechanism by which air influences drop impact dynamics remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of air flow in drop impact dynamics.
  • To characterize the air structures generated by a spreading drop.
  • To understand the relationship between air flow and splashing suppression.

Main Methods:

  • Combined experimental and numerical approach.
  • Modified Schlieren optics technique for air visualization.
  • High-speed video imaging.
  • Lattice-Boltzmann simulations for air flow modeling.

Main Results:

  • Observed air structures on multiple length scales.
  • Identified large-scale vortex structures in the drop wake interacting with the substrate.
  • Visualized a smaller-scale ring structure above the spreading liquid edge.
  • Simulations revealed interactions between wake vorticity and escaping air flows.
  • Air vorticity governed by inertial and viscous forces, not directly linked to splashing.

Conclusions:

  • Air flow dynamics play a crucial role in drop impact phenomena.
  • Specific air structures emerge during drop spreading, influencing the overall dynamics.
  • The observed air vorticity is independent of the splashing threshold, suggesting other factors dominate splashing suppression.