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Updated: Mar 26, 2026

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5G: rethink mobile communications for 2020+.

I Chih-Lin1, Shuangfeng Han2, Zhikun Xu1

  • 1Green Communication Research Center, China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|January 27, 2016
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Summary

China Mobile

Keywords:
5Gcloud radio access networksoftware defined air interfacesoftware defined networkultra-dense networkuser-centric network

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Area of Science:

  • Telecommunications Engineering
  • Mobile Network Architecture
  • Future Wireless Systems

Background:

  • The 2020s demand mobile networks to handle super high data rates, low latency, high mobility, energy efficiency, and high traffic density.
  • Existing network designs face limitations in meeting these future requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present China Mobile's vision for 5G networks.
  • To explore potential solutions and R&D themes for achieving a super fast, soft, and green 5G network.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of key 5G characteristics: super fast, soft, and green.
  • Elaboration of 5G R&D themes, including fundamental design rethinkings.
  • Discussion of network design considerations: cloud radio access network, ultra-dense network, software-defined network, and network function virtualization.
  • Investigation of a paradigm shift from cell-centric to user-centric network operation.
  • Examination of a software-defined air interface for adaptive parameter control.

Main Results:

  • Identified five fundamental rethinkings for traditional network design methodologies.
  • Highlighted cloud radio access network, ultra-dense network, software-defined network, and network function virtualization as key solutions for a green and soft 5G network.
  • Proposed decoupled downlink/uplink, control/data, and adaptive multiple connections for user-centric operation.
  • Demonstrated the adaptability of a software-defined air interface for diverse 5G scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • 5G networks require a significant departure from traditional designs to meet future demands.
  • Achieving a user-centric, soft, and green 5G network is feasible through innovative architectural and operational shifts.
  • The proposed solutions and R&D themes pave the way for realizing the full potential of 5G technology.