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Anxiety and alcoholism.

M I Linnoila1

  • 1Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Md. 20892.

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|November 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Anxiety disorders, particularly panic attacks, are common in alcohol dependence. Effective treatments include specific antidepressants and benzodiazepines for withdrawal symptoms, but not for alcohol dependence itself.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Alcohol dependence frequently co-occurs with mental health conditions like anxiety, depression, and insomnia.
  • Panic attacks, with or without agoraphobia, are particularly common in individuals with alcohol use disorder.
  • Recognizing and managing anxiety disorders is crucial for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence and treatment of anxiety disorders in patients with alcohol dependence.
  • To discuss the role of pharmacotherapy in managing panic disorder and alcohol withdrawal symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on anxiety disorders and alcohol dependence.
  • Analysis of treatment guidelines and clinical evidence for pharmacologic interventions.

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Main Results:

  • Panic disorder is highly prevalent in alcohol-dependent populations.
  • Recommended treatments for panic disorder include monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and alprazolam.
  • Benzodiazepines are effective for managing alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including noradrenergic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical overactivity, seizures, and delirium tremens.

Conclusions:

  • Anxiety disorders require specific clinical attention in patients with alcohol dependence.
  • Pharmacological treatments exist for panic disorder and alcohol withdrawal, but benzodiazepines are not indicated for treating alcohol dependence itself.