Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Constructing Mutants in Serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae strain 519/43
06:06

Constructing Mutants in Serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae strain 519/43

Published on: September 11, 2020

2.3K

Epidemiology of Serotype 1 Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, South Africa, 2003-2013

Claire von Mollendorf, Cheryl Cohen, Stefano Tempia

    Emerging Infectious Diseases
    |January 27, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introduction in South Africa impacted Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 disease. Serotype 1 invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) showed distinct features and decreased incidence post-PCV13 introduction.

    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Vaccinology

    Background:

    • South Africa introduced 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in 2009, replaced by 13-valent PCV (PCV13) in 2011.
    • Understanding the epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is crucial for public health interventions.

    Observation:

    • A decade of laboratory-based IPD surveillance (2003-2013) in South Africa monitored serotype 1 disease.
    • Two distinct clusters of serotype 1 IPD were identified during 2003-2004 and 2008-2012.

    Findings:

    • Serotype 1 accounted for 10% (4,544/46,483) of all IPD cases.
    • Incidence of serotype 1 IPD decreased notably after the introduction of PCV13 in 2011.
    • Serotype 1 IPD cases exhibited distinct clinical features, including longer hospital stays, higher rates of penicillin-nonsusceptible disease, HIV prevalence, and in-hospital mortality compared to non-serotype 1 IPD.

    Implications:

    • PCV13 vaccination has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in South Africa.
    • The distinct clinical profile of serotype 1 IPD highlights its significant public health burden.
    • Continued surveillance is essential to monitor vaccine effectiveness and emerging serotype trends.

    Keywords:
    PCV13South AfricaStreptococcus pneumoniaebacteremiaepidemiologyimmunizationincidenceinvasivepneumococcal conjugate vaccinepneumoniaserotype 1streptococcisurveillancevaccination

    More Related Videos

    Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination09:11

    Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination

    Published on: September 25, 2014

    22.7K
    Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria11:32

    Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

    Published on: February 23, 2014

    15.7K

    Related Concept Videos

    Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

    Pneumonia I: Introduction

    Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
    Risk Factors
    Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
    1.3K
    Atypical Pneumonia01:14

    Atypical Pneumonia

    Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
    37
    Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

    Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

    Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
    1.2K
    Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

    Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

    Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and...
    69
    Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

    Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

    Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable...
    31
    Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

    Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
    26