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Litter-of-origin trait effects on gilt development.

J L Vallet, J A Calderón-Díaz, K J Stalder

Journal of Animal Science

|January 27, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Early gilt development, including colostrum intake and birth weight, significantly impacts later growth, reproductive maturity, and mammary development. These preweaning factors are crucial for understanding gilt productivity throughout their lives.

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Area of Science:

Animal Science
Reproductive Biology
Swine Production

Background:

The preweaning litter environment is a critical determinant of gilt development.
Understanding early life influences is essential for optimizing gilt productivity and reproductive success.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between litter-of-origin traits and subsequent gilt development.
To identify key preweaning factors influencing growth, reproductive, and mammary characteristics in gilts.

Main Methods:

Collected litter-of-origin data (birth weight, immunocrit, parity, weaning data) for ~1200 gilts.
Monitored growth (BW, LM, backfat) and estrus daily from 100 days to slaughter (260 days).
Assessed reproductive tract, mammary gland composition, and performed histological evaluations.

Main Results:

Preweaning traits like immunocrit, birth weight, growth rate, and parity were significantly associated with gilt growth (BW, LM accretion).
Age at puberty was linked to birth weight and preweaning growth rate.
Mammary gland composition (protein, fat) showed associations with birth weight and preweaning factors.

Conclusions:

Colostrum intake, birth weight, preweaning growth rate, number weaned, and sow parity are key predictors of gilt development.
Early life management practices significantly influence later-life performance in gilts.