Direct Interfacial Modification of Nanocellulose Films for Thermoresponsive Membrane Templates

This letter proposes a strategy to construct tunable films combining the physical characteristics of cellulose nanofibrils and smart polymers for membrane applications. A functional membrane template was obtained by first fabricating a water stable film from cellulose nanofibrils and subsequently surface grafting it with a thermoresponsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). The behavior of the membrane template was dependent on temperature. The increment in slope of relative water permeance around the lower critical solution temperature of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) increased from 18 to 100% upon polymer attachment. Although the membrane template essentially consisted of wood-based materials, the benefits of smart synthetic polymers were achieved.