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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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Detection of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Haematological Malignancy Patients by using Lateral-flow Technology
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Risk Factors Associated With Early Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Results From a

F López-Medrano1, J T Silva1, M Fernández-Ruiz1

  • 1Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre" (i + 12), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

American Journal of Transplantation : Official Journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
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PubMed
Summary

Identifying risk factors for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in kidney transplant (KT) recipients is crucial. Pretransplant COPD, delayed graft function, and posttransplant infections like bloodstream infections and acute graft rejection increase IPA risk.

Keywords:
clinical research/practiceepidemiologyfungalinfection and infectious agentsinfectious diseasekidney transplantation/nephrology

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Transplantation Immunology

Background:

  • Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a serious complication following kidney transplantation (KT).
  • Risk factors for early-onset IPA in KT recipients remain incompletely understood.
  • Early identification of at-risk patients is essential for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate independent risk factors for early invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in kidney transplant (KT) recipients.
  • To identify patient characteristics and post-transplant events associated with increased IPA risk.
  • To inform potential prophylactic strategies for high-risk KT patients.

Main Methods:

  • Multinational case-control study involving 51 KT recipients with early IPA and matched controls.
  • Data collected from 19 institutions between 2000 and 2013.
  • Analysis focused on pre-transplant conditions and early post-transplant events.

Main Results:

  • Pre-transplant chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD) and delayed graft function were independent risk factors for IPA.
  • Development of bloodstream infection and acute graft rejection within three months prior to IPA diagnosis also significantly increased risk.
  • Overall mortality among IPA cases was high (60.8%), with 25.0% graft loss in surviving recipients.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-transplant COPD, impaired graft function, and serious post-transplant infections are key indicators for early IPA risk in KT recipients.
  • These findings can help stratify KT recipients for closer monitoring and potential preventive measures.
  • Further research into the efficacy of antifungal prophylaxis in high-risk KT patients is warranted.