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Macrocephaly is not always due to hydrocephalus.

H M Strassburg1

  • 1Children's University Hospital, Freiburg, West Germany.

Journal of Child Neurology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Macrocephaly, or enlarged head size in infants, has diverse causes. Transfontanellar sonography and Doppler techniques aid diagnosis, with developmental evaluation crucial for prognosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Neonatal Medicine

Background:

  • Macrocephaly presents a diagnostic challenge due to its heterogeneous etiology.
  • Common causes include hydrocephalus, megalencephaly, and extracerebral fluid collections.
  • Differentiating pressure-related conditions from others is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline clinical and sonographic features of various macrocephaly forms.
  • To emphasize the role of transfontanellar sonography and Doppler techniques.
  • To recommend diagnostic and prognostic evaluation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of over 8 years of transfontanellar sonography experience.
  • Inclusion of Doppler techniques for vascular assessments.
  • Correlation of sonographic findings with clinical presentations.

Main Results:

  • Extracerebral fluid collections are a primary cause of macrocephaly.
  • Subdural effusions require differentiation from craniocerebral disproportion.
  • Cysts can cause significant displacement but often have optimistic prognoses.
  • Macrocephaly can be an early sign in complex genetic syndromes.

Conclusions:

  • Transfontanellar sonography with Doppler is valuable for diagnosing macrocephaly causes.
  • Prognosis often requires serial developmental and sonographic evaluations.
  • Early diagnosis and monitoring are key for managing infants with macrocephaly.

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