Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 26, 2026

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
Published on: March 30, 2014
Improving outpatient implementation of preexposure prophylaxis in men who have sex with men
1University of Pennsylvania.
Background And Purpose:
Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been shown to decrease the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) when used in high-risk populations including men who have sex with men. However, despite effectiveness, there is underutilization in the outpatient setting. This review aims to assess the facilitators and barriers to improve outpatient utilization.
Methods:
A systematic search of four databases, CINAHL, Ovid, Scopus, and PsychINFO, during March-May of 2015. A total of 22 articles were included for review.
Conclusions:
Barriers to utilization were either patient or provider centered. Patient barriers included a significant lack of knowledge, stigma, risk-taking, and adherence. Provider barriers also included lack of knowledge of treatment and protocols as well as fears of resistance and behavior change. Facilitators included adherence regimens, education, and comprehensive care.
Implications For Practice:
Men who have sex with men are a high-risk population for HIV transmission. PrEP is successful in this subgroup at reducing transmission. Through education, nonjudgmental and comprehensive care providers can utilize PrEP to decrease transmission.
Related Concept Videos
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Community Based Intervention
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...

