Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

35.3K
Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
35.3K
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

2.0K
Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
2.0K
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

4.0K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
4.0K
Gas Thermometers and the Kelvin Scale01:22

Gas Thermometers and the Kelvin Scale

7.1K
The definition of temperature in terms of molecular motion suggests that there should be a lowest possible temperature, where the average kinetic energy of molecules is zero (or the minimum allowed by quantum mechanics). Experiments confirm the existence of such a temperature, called absolute zero. An absolute temperature scale is one whose zero point is absolute zero. Such scales are convenient in science because several physical quantities, such as the volume of an ideal gas, are directly...
7.1K
Thermometers and Temperature Scales01:22

Thermometers and Temperature Scales

8.4K
Any physical property that depends consistently and reproducibly on temperature can be used as the basis of a thermometer. For example, volume increases with temperature for most substances. This property is the basis for the common alcohol thermometer and the original mercury thermometers. Other properties used to measure temperature include electrical resistance, color, and the emission of infrared radiation.
As many physical properties depend on temperature, the variety of thermometers is...
8.4K
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

1.3K
Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Drag on Cylinders Moving in Superfluid <sup>3</sup>He-B as the Dimension Spans the Coherence Length.

Journal of low temperature physics·2024
Same author

One-dimensional proximity superconductivity in the quantum Hall regime.

Nature·2024
Same author

Thermal Transport in Nanoelectronic Devices Cooled by On-Chip Magnetic Refrigeration.

Physical review letters·2023
Same author

Corrigendum: Identifying single electron charge sensor events using wavelet edge detection (2015<i>Nanotechnology</i><b>26</b>215201).

Nanotechnology·2021
Same author

On the origin of the controversial electrostatic field effect in superconductors.

Nature communications·2021
Same author

Nanoscale real-time detection of quantum vortices at millikelvin temperatures.

Nature communications·2021
Same journal

Interplay between oxygen redox and interfacial stability of Li-rich positive electrodes in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Breaking dependence on melanisation imparts diversity to a dogmatic invasion strategy of phytopathogenic fungi.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Hydroxyl-rich nanocavities on perovskite enable nearly barrierless intramolecular hydrogen transfer for nitrate electroreduction to ammonia.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Household mobility responses to weather extremes in Kyrgyzstan.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Autonomous Motion Vision with Tri-bulk-heterojunctioned Organic Adaptation Transistor.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Tissue-adhesive hydrogel optical fiber for peripheral optogenetic neuromodulation.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
08:44

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Published on: October 24, 2018

6.4K

Nanoelectronic primary thermometry below 4 mK.

D I Bradley1, R E George1, D Gunnarsson2

  • 1Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK.

Nature Communications
|January 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Achieving millikelvin temperatures for nanoelectronic devices is difficult. This study demonstrates cooling electrons in nanoelectronic Coulomb blockade thermometers below 4 mK using optimized designs and low-noise measurements.

More Related Videos

Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere
08:52

Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere

Published on: April 30, 2018

8.8K
Method for Simultaneous fMRI/EEG Data Collection during a Focused Attention Suggestion for Differential Thermal Sensation
06:33

Method for Simultaneous fMRI/EEG Data Collection during a Focused Attention Suggestion for Differential Thermal Sensation

Published on: January 5, 2014

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
08:44

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Published on: October 24, 2018

6.4K
Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere
08:52

Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere

Published on: April 30, 2018

8.8K
Method for Simultaneous fMRI/EEG Data Collection during a Focused Attention Suggestion for Differential Thermal Sensation
06:33

Method for Simultaneous fMRI/EEG Data Collection during a Focused Attention Suggestion for Differential Thermal Sensation

Published on: January 5, 2014

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Low-temperature physics
  • Nanoelectronics
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Cooling nanoelectronic structures to millikelvin temperatures poses significant challenges in maintaining thermal contact between device electrons and external cold baths.
  • Nanoscale devices often exhibit overheated electrons when cooled to approximately 10 millikelvin (mK).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the successful cooling of electrons in nanoelectronic Coulomb blockade thermometers to below 4 mK.
  • To demonstrate a method for achieving lower electron temperatures in nanoelectronic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an optimized design featuring cooling fins with high electron-phonon coupling and on-chip electronic filters.
  • Employing low-noise electronic measurement techniques.
  • Immersing a Coulomb blockade thermometer in a (3)He/(4)He refrigerant within a dilution refrigerator.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a lowest electron temperature of 3.7 mK.
  • Observed a trend towards a saturated electron temperature approaching 3 mK.
  • Successfully cooled nanoelectronic samples into the low-millikelvin range.

Conclusions:

  • The optimized design, incorporating cooling fins and electronic filters, combined with low-noise measurements, enables significant cooling of nanoelectronic devices.
  • This work advances the capability to cool nanoelectronic samples further into the low-millikelvin temperature regime.
  • Demonstrates the feasibility of operating nanoelectronic devices at unprecedentedly low electron temperatures.