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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

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The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
319
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

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AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
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Ureters01:22

Ureters

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The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
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Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

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Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Surgical Model for Single-Staged Tissue-Engineered Urothelial Tubes in Minipigs
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Advances in ureteral stents.

Hilary Brotherhood1, Dirk Lange1, Ben H Chew1

  • 1Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.

Translational Andrology and Urology
|January 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary

New ureteral stent designs aim to reduce common problems like infection and discomfort. Innovations include drug-eluting coatings and bioabsorbable materials, offering improved patient outcomes and fewer complications.

Keywords:
Ureteral stentbiofilmbiomaterialsnephrolithiasispolymer

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Ureteral stents are essential in urology but frequently cause issues such as infection, encrustation, and patient discomfort.
  • These complications limit the efficacy and patient tolerance of indwelling ureteral stents, necessitating innovative solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel ureteral stent designs aimed at mitigating common stent-related problems.
  • To explore advancements in materials and drug-eluting technologies for improved stent performance and patient comfort.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on innovative ureteral stent designs.
  • Analysis of new stent technologies including helical designs, drug-eluting coatings (triclosan, chlorhexidine), antibiotic-coated stents, gel-based stents, bioabsorbable materials, and guidewire-based technologies.

Main Results:

  • New stent designs show promise in reducing bacterial adherence, biofilm formation, and colonization.
  • Helical and gel-based stents aim to improve patient comfort and reduce symptoms.
  • Bioabsorbable materials offer solutions for infection prevention and the forgotten stent syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging ureteral stent technologies demonstrate significant potential to address and overcome the limitations of traditional stents.
  • Advancements in drug elution, material science, and stent architecture offer hope for improved clinical outcomes and patient quality of life.