Osteoporosis: Its Prosthodontic Considerations - A Review

Area of Science:

• Bone biology and metabolic diseases

Background:

• Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone density and microarchitectural deterioration, leading to increased bone fragility and fracture risk.
• This condition disproportionately affects post-menopausal women, making them four times more susceptible than men.
• Osteoporosis is often asymptomatic, earning it the moniker "silent disease," until a fracture occurs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the significance of oral health maintenance in adults diagnosed with osteoporosis.
• To underscore the impact of bone density loss on dental structures, particularly denture support.
• To emphasize the importance of timely dental interventions and a healthy lifestyle for managing osteoporosis-related oral health issues.

Main Methods:

• Review of osteoporosis pathophysiology and its skeletal manifestations.
• Analysis of the relationship between reduced bone mass and oral health complications, including denture instability.
• Emphasis on preventive strategies and management approaches for oral health in osteoporotic patients.

Main Results:

• Osteoporotic bone exhibits decreased density and altered tissue structure, making it weaker and more susceptible to fractures.
• Bone loss associated with osteoporosis can compromise the alveolar ridges, leading to ill-fitting dentures and the need for frequent replacements.
• Delayed dental treatment can exacerbate oral health problems in individuals with osteoporosis.

Conclusions:

• Maintaining good oral hygiene and attending regular dental check-ups are essential for individuals with osteoporosis.
• A healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, coupled with regular physical activity, supports both bone and overall health.
• Proactive dental care and timely treatment are vital for managing the oral health challenges associated with osteoporosis.