Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

680
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
680
Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

124.6K
Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
124.6K
Spermatogenesis01:22

Spermatogenesis

10.8K
Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...
10.8K
Sperm Structure and Semen Composition01:22

Sperm Structure and Semen Composition

13.8K
During ejaculation, males release around 2-5 milliliters of semen, which is a complex mixture of mature sperm and various fluids produced by accessory glands. The mature sperm cells measure approximately 60 micrometers in length and consist of a head, neck, midpiece, and tail. The head is flattened and tapered, measuring about 4 to 5 micrometers in length. It contains a nucleus with condensed chromosomes and an acrosome, a cap-like structure filled with enzymes essential for penetrating the...
13.8K
Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

5.0K
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
5.0K
Sperm Transport01:15

Sperm Transport

4.7K
The journey of sperm from its origin to the point of ejaculation begins within the seminiferous tubules of the testis. Here, Sertoli cells produce fluid that propels non-motile sperm through a series of conduits, starting with the straight tubules leading to the rete testis. This interconnected network of tubules acts as the initial pathway for sperm, guiding them into the efferent ductules and then into the epididymis for maturation.
The maturation phase occurs in the epididymis, where sperm...
4.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Natto May Alleviate Retinoic Acid-Induced Osteoporosis by Activating Gut Microbiota-Bile Acid Axis and OPG/RANKL Signaling Pathway.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Ecological risk assessment of 1,4-thioxane and its remediation by a synthetic microbiome based on a sulfur transformation system: From multi-omics to water application.

Water research·2026
Same author

Gender differences in the right atrial appendage and right atrium-related structures in patients with atrial fibrillation and their association with ablation outcomes.

International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature·2026
Same author

Antegrade submental artery osteomyocutaneous flap for the repair of maxillary alveolar process defects combined with personalized 3D-printed PEEK material for restoration of mandibular inferior border defects.

BMC oral health·2026
Same author

Atrial fibrillation type-specific prediction of recurrence after catheter ablation: the pivotal role of right atrial remodeling revealed by explainable machine learning.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same author

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling Activates Beige Adipocytes and Mediates Systemic Metabolism.

Diabetes·2026
Same journal

[Research progress on multimodal precision nursing interventions in urinary incontinence rehabilitation management after radical prostatectomy].

Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology·2025
Same journal

[Dietary intervention to improve erectile dysfunction: Progress in research].

Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology·2025
Same journal

[Tonifying kidney and activating blood therapy for the treatment of diabetic erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis].

Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology·2025
Same journal

[Clinical effect of Huotujiji prescription on patients with asthenospermia of spleen-kidney yang-deficiency type].

Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology·2025
Same journal

[Application of predictive nursing to the rehabilitation of patients after endoscopic surgery for prostate under the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery].

Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology·2025
Same journal

[Influencing factors of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients after radical prostatectomy and nursing strategy].

Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Longitudinal Intussusception Vasoepididymostomy to Treat Epididymal Obstructive Azoospermia
06:28

Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Longitudinal Intussusception Vasoepididymostomy to Treat Epididymal Obstructive Azoospermia

Published on: May 27, 2022

4.5K

[Ouabain and asthenospermia].

Tong Pan, Yong-han Huang

    Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue = National Journal of Andrology
    |January 29, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Endogenous ouabain (EO) may cause asthenospermia, a male infertility factor, by inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase α4 isoform (NKA4) in sperm. This research highlights NKA4

    More Related Videos

    Author Spotlight: A Simple and Cost-Effective Method for Leukocyte Analysis in Semen
    04:36

    Author Spotlight: A Simple and Cost-Effective Method for Leukocyte Analysis in Semen

    Published on: January 19, 2024

    5.7K
    Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
    04:22

    Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

    Published on: May 30, 2025

    1.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 26, 2026

    Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Longitudinal Intussusception Vasoepididymostomy to Treat Epididymal Obstructive Azoospermia
    06:28

    Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Longitudinal Intussusception Vasoepididymostomy to Treat Epididymal Obstructive Azoospermia

    Published on: May 27, 2022

    4.5K
    Author Spotlight: A Simple and Cost-Effective Method for Leukocyte Analysis in Semen
    04:36

    Author Spotlight: A Simple and Cost-Effective Method for Leukocyte Analysis in Semen

    Published on: January 19, 2024

    5.7K
    Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
    04:22

    Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

    Published on: May 30, 2025

    1.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Biology
    • Molecular Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Asthenospermia, a key cause of male infertility, often lacks specific treatments.
    • The Na+/K+-ATPase α4 isoform (NKA4) is crucial for sperm motility and is found in sperm tails.
    • Current asthenospermia therapies have limited specificity and efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the role of endogenous ouabain (EO) in the pathogenesis of asthenospermia.
    • To investigate the inhibitory effect of EO on NKA4 activity and its downstream consequences.
    • To identify potential therapeutic targets for asthenospermia.

    Main Methods:

    • The study focuses on the molecular interactions between endogenous ouabain and NKA4.
    • Analysis of NKA4 function and its regulation by ouabain-like compounds.
    • Investigating the impact of NKA4 inhibition on ion exchange and sperm membrane potential.

    Main Results:

    • Endogenous ouabain (EO) inhibits the activity of the Na+/K+-ATPase α4 isoform (NKA4).
    • Inhibition of NKA4 by EO affects crucial sperm functions like Na+/H+ and Na+/Ca2+ exchange.
    • Reduced NKA4 activity leads to altered sperm cell membrane potential, decreasing sperm motility.

    Conclusions:

    • Endogenous ouabain (EO) is implicated in the pathogenesis of asthenospermia.
    • NKA4 inhibition by EO presents a potential mechanism for reduced sperm motility.
    • Targeting NKA4 or modulating EO levels could offer new therapeutic strategies for asthenospermia.