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The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements01:27

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Elements are the smallest units of matter that cannot be broken down further by chemical processes. There are 118 known elements, but not all of these are naturally occurring, and only a few of them are essential for life. Living matter is composed primarily of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen, with smaller amounts of other elements like calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur. Other elements are also necessary for life but only in trace amounts.
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Essential and toxic elements in seaweeds for human consumption.

D Desideri1, C Cantaluppi2, F Ceccotto2

  • 1a Biomolecular Sciences Department , Urbino University "Carlo Bo," Urbino , Italy.

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|January 29, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Seaweed consumption offers essential minerals like iodine and potassium, but careful monitoring of toxic elements such as arsenic and cadmium is crucial for consumer safety. This study analyzed 14 seaweed types for their elemental content.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology and Ecology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Environmental Chemistry

Background:

  • Seaweed is a popular food source globally, valued for its nutritional profile.
  • Understanding the elemental composition of commercially available seaweed is vital for assessing both nutritional benefits and potential health risks.
  • Variability in elemental content across different seaweed species necessitates detailed analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify essential and nonessential/toxic elements in 14 commercially available seaweed species from Italy.
  • To evaluate the nutritional significance of essential elements found in seaweed.
  • To assess potential health risks associated with toxic elements in consumed seaweed.

Main Methods:

  • Energy-dispersive polarized x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDPXRF) was employed for elemental analysis.
  • Fourteen different seaweed species purchased from local specialty stores in Italy were analyzed.
  • Nutritional requirements and risk estimators were used to assess the health implications of the elemental content.

Main Results:

  • Significant variations (2-4 orders of magnitude) in elemental concentrations were observed among seaweed species.
  • Specific species showed high concentrations of particular elements: Lithothamnium calcareum (Ca, Al, Si, Fe, Ti), Palmaria palmata (K, Rb, Cl), Chondrus crispus (S), Laminaria digitata (As, Cd, Sn, Br, I), Chlorella pyrenoidosa (Zn), and Ulva lactuca (Cu, Ni, Mn, Pb).
  • Iodine levels varied widely, from 3.4 to 7316 mg/kg(dry).
  • While essential elements contribute to nutritional intake, concentrations of toxic elements (As, Cd, Pb) were generally below levels posing an immediate threat but warrant monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Seaweed can be a significant dietary source of essential elements.
  • The elemental profiles of seaweed species differ considerably, impacting their nutritional and toxicological value.
  • Ongoing monitoring of toxic elements in seaweed is recommended to ensure consumer safety and mitigate potential long-term health risks.