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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher

Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher

Published on: February 23, 2018

Alteration in refractive index profile during accommodation based on mechanical modelling.

Mehdi Bahrami¹, Ali Heidari¹, Barbara K Pierscionek¹

¹Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames, UK.

Biomedical Optics Express

|January 29, 2016

Summary

The eye's gradient refractive index (GRIN) lens changes shape during accommodation. This study models GRIN profile changes, revealing they impact visual aberrations like spherical aberration and astigmatism.

Keywords:

(110.2760) Gradient-index lenses (330.7322) Visual optics, accommodation (330.7326) Visual optics, modeling

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Biomedical Engineering
Optics

Background:

The human eye lens possesses a gradient refractive index (GRIN).
Ocular accommodation, the process of adjusting lens shape for focus, alters the lens's internal structure and GRIN profile.
The precise mechanisms of structural redistribution and their optical consequences during accommodation remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To model the normalized axial GRIN profile changes during accommodation.
To investigate the relationship between mechanical properties, lens shape, and optical performance.
To understand individual variability in lens geometry and its impact on accommodation.

Main Methods:

Utilized a reduced modeling approach combined with finite element analysis.
Incorporated optical and mechanical parameters, considering individual lens variations.
Simulated lens stretching to analyze changes in the GRIN profile.

Main Results:

Simulated stretching altered the GRIN profile's plateau length but not the cortical gradient, aligning with clinical observations.
Normalized accommodated and non-accommodated GRIN profiles showed minimal changes.
These subtle GRIN profile shifts resulted in significant increases in spherical aberration (approx. 11%) and astigmatism (approx. 13%).

Conclusions:

The study provides a model for understanding GRIN profile dynamics during accommodation.
Findings support that minor GRIN changes can lead to substantial alterations in optical aberrations.
Results offer a basis for refractive index reconstruction and age-related changes in the lens.