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Hyaluronan-positive plasma membrane protrusions exist on mesothelial cells in vivo

Ville Koistinen1, Tiina Jokela2, Sanna Oikari2

  • 1Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.B. 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland. ville.koistinen@fimnet.fi.

Histochemistry and Cell Biology
|January 29, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Hyaluronan (HA)-positive protrusions, observed in cell cultures, were confirmed to exist in vivo in rat mesothelium. This finding supports HA secretion from cell protrusions as a general biological process crucial for tissue maintenance.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Histology

Background:

  • Overexpression of hyaluronan synthases (HAS2 and HAS3) in cultured cells induces microvillus-like cell protrusions.
  • These protrusions resemble those found in naturally high hyaluronan-secreting cells and mesothelial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vivo existence of hyaluronan-secreting, actin-dependent cell protrusions.
  • To determine if these structures are present in mesothelium and associated with hyaluronan production.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo examination of rat mesothelium.
  • Analysis of hyaluronan and hyaluronan synthase (Has1-3) expression in rat mesothelium and cultured mesothelial cells.
  • Ultrastructural comparison of cell protrusions.

Main Results:

  • Rat mesothelium in vivo tested positive for hyaluronan and Has1-3.
  • Microvilli in rat mesothelium and cultured mesothelial cells were hyaluronan-positive and expressed all Has isoforms.
  • The ultrastructure and actin filament organization of in vivo protrusions matched those induced by HAS2/HAS3 overexpression.

Conclusions:

  • Hyaluronan-positive protrusions are confirmed to exist in vivo.
  • Hyaluronan secretion from plasma membrane protrusions is a general biological process.
  • This mechanism may be vital for tissue function, maintenance, and therapeutic applications.
Keywords:
CD44HyaluronanMesotheliumMicrovilli

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