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Normal-pressure hydrocephalus presenting with psychiatric symptoms.

E Groenewald1, J Alexander Joska, S Rothemeyer

  • 1Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. lina.groenewald@uct.ac.za.

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Summary

Normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) can cause psychiatric symptoms, cognitive decline, and gait issues. Surgical intervention led to significant improvement in a 62-year-old male patient, highlighting NPH as a treatable cause of these neurological deficits.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a neurological disorder characterized by the triad of cognitive impairment, gait disturbance, and urinary incontinence.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing NPH and improving patient outcomes.

Observation:

  • A 62-year-old male patient presented with a two-month history of psychiatric symptoms.
  • These symptoms were preceded by progressive cognitive deterioration, urinary incontinence, and an abnormal gait.

Findings:

  • A diagnosis of normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) was established based on the clinical presentation.
  • The patient underwent surgical intervention for NPH.

Implications:

  • Surgical treatment for NPH resulted in significant improvement of the patient's psychiatric symptoms and neurological deficits.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering NPH in the differential diagnosis of elderly patients presenting with combined cognitive, gait, and urinary symptoms.