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Updated: Oct 16, 2026

Oral Biofilm Formation on Different Materials for Dental Implants
Published on: June 24, 2018
Different sealing materials preventing the microbial leakage into the screw-retained implant restorations: an
Cássio do Nascimento1, Murillo Sucena Pita1, Paulo Linares Calefi1
1Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Objectives:
The aim of this controlled in vitro study was to identify and quantify up to 38 microbial species penetrating through the screw-retained implant prostheses with different sealing materials.
Material And Methods:
Sixty morse cone implants were restored with single-unit screw-retained prostheses. All the components were randomly divided into five groups (n = 12) according to the proposed materials: (1) polytetrafluoroethylene tape+composite resin; (2) polytetrafluoroethylene tape+gutta-percha; (3) polytetrafluoroethylene tape+light-polymerized provisional composite; (4) cotton pellet+gutta-percha; and (5) cotton pellet+light-polymerized provisional composite. Human saliva was used as contaminant media, and DNA checkerboard hybridization was used to identify and quantify microbial species.
Results:
Microbial leakage was observed in all groups: M. salivarium, S. pasteuri, P. nigrescens, and P. melaninogenica were the species presenting the highest values of genome count, prevalence, and proportion within the groups. The total microbial mean counts (×105 , ±SD) were as follows: Group 1 (2.81 ± 0.38), Group 2 (3.41 ± 0.38), Group 3 (6.02 ± 1.48), Group 4 (6.40 ± 1.42), and Group 5 (17.45 ± 1.67). Group 5 showed the higher microbial counts (P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
Moderate to high counts of pathogenic/nonpathogenic species were detected in the inner parts of implants from all groups. The lowest values of microbial counts were recorded for polytetrafluoroethylene tape associated with composite resin or gutta-percha; cotton pellet associated with light-polymerized provisional composite presented the highest microbial counts.
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