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Related Experiment Video

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Modulation of frontal effective connectivity during speech.

Rachel Holland1, Alex P Leff2, William D Penny3

  • 1Language and Communication Sciences, City University London, Northampton Square, London EC1R 0JD, UK.

Neuroimage
|January 31, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances speech production by altering brain connectivity. Increased feedback from the inferior frontal sulcus (IFS) to the ventral premotor cortex (VPM) drives behavioral improvements.

Keywords:
DCM — Dynamic Causal ModellingIFS — inferior frontal sulcusSpeech productionVPM — ventral premotor cortexfMRI — functional magnetic resonance imagingtDCS — transcranial direct current stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuromodulation

Background:

  • Noninvasive neurostimulation, like transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), alters brain excitability.
  • Previous studies showed tDCS facilitates speech production, but its online effects on neural connectivity during tasks were unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how anodal tDCS modulates neural connectivity within the frontal speech network during a task.
  • To explore the relationship between individual behavioral responses to anodal tDCS and changes in effective connectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM) with fMRI data during anodal tDCS and picture naming.
  • Analyzed changes in effective connectivity within the frontal speech network under tDCS compared to sham stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Anodal tDCS increased feedback connectivity from the inferior frontal sulcus (IFS) to the ventral premotor cortex (VPM).
  • Weaker self-connections within VPM were observed, suggesting neuronal adaptation.
  • Individual differences in IFS-to-VPM feedforward connectivity strength correlated with naming facilitation.

Conclusions:

  • Anodal tDCS modulates frontal speech network connectivity online, with IFS acting as a top-down driver.
  • Effective connectivity changes, particularly IFS-VPM interactions, underlie behavioral improvements in speech tasks.
  • This study clarifies the mechanism of online tDCS during cognitive tasks.