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Face-selective regions differ in their ability to classify facial expressions.

Hui Zhang1, Shruti Japee1, Rachel Nolan1

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|January 31, 2016
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Summary

The amygdala and posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS) decode facial emotions, while the fusiform face area (FFA) and anterior inferior temporal cortex (aIT) process facial identity. These distinct brain regions specialize in processing either emotion or identity.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Social Neuroscience

Background:

  • Facial expression recognition is vital for social interaction.
  • Understanding how brain regions process different facial expressions is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate which face-selective brain regions can decode facial expressions.
  • To differentiate the neural substrates for facial emotion and identity processing.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
  • Support vector machine pattern classification analysis was used.
  • Participants viewed faces with neutral, fearful, angry, and happy expressions from different identities.

Main Results:

  • The amygdala and posterior STS accurately discriminated facial expressions.
  • The amygdala distinguished fearful from non-fearful faces.
  • The posterior STS differentiated neutral from emotional faces.
  • The fusiform face area (FFA) and anterior inferior temporal cortex (aIT) discriminated facial identities.
  • The amygdala and STS excelled at expression classification, while FFA and aIT were superior for identity classification.

Conclusions:

  • Decoding of facial emotion and identity involves distinct neural substrates.
  • The amygdala and STS are implicated in facial emotion processing.
  • FFA and aIT are involved in facial identity processing.