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Related Concept Videos

Sound Waves01:01

Sound Waves

13.6K
Sound waves can be thought of as fluctuations in the pressure of a medium through which they propagate. Since the pressure also makes the medium's particles vibrate along its direction of motion, the waves can be modeled as the displacement of the medium's particles from their mean position.
Sound waves are longitudinal in most fluids because fluids cannot sustain any lateral pressure. In solids, however, shear forces help in propagating the disturbance in the lateral direction as well....
13.6K
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

6.0K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
6.0K
Sound as Pressure Waves01:17

Sound as Pressure Waves

4.8K
Sound waves, which are longitudinal waves, can be modeled as the displacement amplitude varying as a function of the spatial and temporal coordinates. As a column of the medium is displaced, its successive columns are also displaced. As the successive displacements differ relatively, a pressure difference with the surrounding pressure is created. The gauge pressure varies across the medium.
The pressure fluctuation depends on the difference in displacements between the successive points in the...
4.8K
Intensity and Pressure of Sound Waves01:05

Intensity and Pressure of Sound Waves

1.9K
The intensity of sound waves can be related to displacement and pressure amplitudes by using their wave expressions and the definition of intensity. The critical step to achieve this is to write the power delivered by the particles on the wave as the product of force and velocity and simplify the force per unit area as the pressure. The velocity of the medium's particles can be derived from the displacement.
Unlike the time average of a sinusoidal term, which is zero since it is positive...
1.9K
Sound Waves: Resonance01:14

Sound Waves: Resonance

3.7K
Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...
3.7K
Doppler Effect - II01:05

Doppler Effect - II

5.1K
The Doppler effect has several practical, real-world applications. For instance, meteorologists use Doppler radars to interpret weather events based on the Doppler effect. Typically, a transmitter emits radio waves at a specific frequency toward the sky from a weather station. The radio waves bounce off the clouds and precipitation and travel back to the weather station. The radio frequency of the waves reflected back to the station appears to decrease if the clouds or precipitation are moving...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Extracellular Multi-Unit Recording from the Olfactory Nerve of Teleosts
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Extracellular Multi-Unit Recording from the Olfactory Nerve of Teleosts

Published on: October 6, 2020

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Is low frequency ocean sound increasing globally?

Jennifer L Miksis-Olds1, Stephen M Nichols1

  • 1Applied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16804, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|February 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Low frequency sound levels are not increasing globally. Analysis of ocean sound data reveals decreases in the South Atlantic and Equatorial Pacific, with seismic air guns dominating the South Atlantic and shipping/biological sources in the Equatorial Pacific.

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Area of Science:

  • Oceanography
  • Acoustics
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Previous studies indicated rising low-frequency sound in the Northeast Pacific and Indian Oceans.
  • Recent observations in the Northeast Pacific suggest a leveling or slight decrease in low-frequency noise.
  • Global trends in low-frequency ocean sound remained largely unexamined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the rate and magnitude of change in low-frequency sound (5-115 Hz) over the past decade.
  • To analyze acoustic data from the South Atlantic and Equatorial Pacific Oceans.
  • To determine if low-frequency sound levels are increasing globally.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test Ban Treaty Organization International Monitoring System.
  • Analyzed acoustic environments in the South Atlantic and Equatorial Pacific Oceans.
  • Identified dominant sound sources, including seismic air guns, shipping, and biological activity.

Main Results:

  • Observed decreasing sound levels in the Equatorial Pacific over the past 5-6 years.
  • Detected decreases in the ambient sound floor in the South Atlantic Ocean.
  • Identified seismic air gun signals as the dominant source in the South Atlantic.
  • Shipping and biological sources were more significant in the Equatorial Pacific.

Conclusions:

  • Low-frequency sound levels do not appear to be increasing globally.
  • Regional variations exist in sound sources and trends.
  • Further research is needed to understand long-term global acoustic trends.