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Fabrication and Characterization of Griffithsin-modified Fiber Scaffolds for Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections
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Microbicide vaginal rings: Technological challenges and clinical development.

R Karl Malcolm1, Peter J Boyd1, Clare F McCoy1

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Vaginal rings (VRs) offer sustained drug delivery for HIV-1 prevention. Ongoing research and clinical studies evaluate these microbicide-releasing VR devices, despite manufacturing and clinical challenges.

Keywords:
AdherenceAntiretroviralsControlled releaseHIV microbicidesHIV preventionVaginal drug deliveryVaginal rings

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Infectious Disease Prevention

Background:

  • Vaginal rings (VRs) are established drug delivery devices, initially for hormone therapy and contraception.
  • Recent focus has shifted to VRs for delivering HIV-1 microbicides to reduce sexual transmission risk.
  • Despite extensive research, no vaginal microbicide products are currently approved for HIV prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the scientific literature on microbicide-releasing vaginal ring technology.
  • To highlight advancements and challenges in developing VRs for HIV-1 prevention.
  • To provide an overview of late-stage clinical evaluations of these devices.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of peer-reviewed journal publications.
  • Analysis of technological, manufacturing, and clinical aspects of microbicide-releasing VRs.
  • Focus on research published since the growing interest in VRs for HIV prevention.

Main Results:

  • Several microbicide-releasing VR devices are in late-stage clinical trials.
  • Sustained drug release from polymeric VRs is technologically feasible.
  • Significant technological, manufacturing, and clinical challenges persist in the field.

Conclusions:

  • Microbicide-releasing VR technology shows promise for HIV-1 prevention.
  • Continued research and development are crucial to overcome existing challenges.
  • Further clinical studies are essential for potential product approval and public health impact.