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Feasibility and efficacy of gentamicin for treating neonatal sepsis in community-based settings: a systematic review

Nishant Jaiswal1, Meenu Singh1,2, Ritika Kondel3

  • 1ICMR Advanced Centre for Evidence Based Child Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP
|February 3, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Gentamicin is a feasible and effective treatment for neonatal sepsis in community settings, offering an alternative to hospital care in resource-limited areas. This approach can improve outcomes for newborns where access to advanced medical facilities is challenging.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Neonatal sepsis is a primary cause of infant mortality in developing nations.
  • Current hospital-based treatments like ampicillin and gentamicin are often inaccessible or unaffordable.
  • This review assesses the viability of using gentamicin in community-based healthcare settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of gentamicin for treating neonatal sepsis.
  • To explore community-based treatment strategies for neonatal infections.
  • To provide an alternative to hospital-based care in resource-constrained environments.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review including observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Searches conducted across major databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Central Trial Register of India) up to September 2013.
  • Risk of bias assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool.

Main Results:

  • Observational studies showed feasibility and reduced case fatality rates with community health worker-led gentamicin treatment.
  • An RCT found no significant difference in treatment failure or mortality between gentamicin and ceftriaxone.
  • Within gentamicin regimens, penicillin plus gentamicin demonstrated lower failure and mortality rates compared to gentamicin with oral cotrimoxazole.

Conclusions:

  • Gentamicin is a feasible and effective option for treating neonatal sepsis in community settings.
  • It serves as a viable alternative to hospital-based care, particularly in resource-limited areas.
  • Further research is needed, as the review included limited hospital-based RCT data.
Abstract

Keywords:
gentamicinneonatal sepsisneonates

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