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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

A Mobile Outside-in Technique of Transforaminal Lumbar Endoscopy for Lumbar Disc Herniations
Published on: August 7, 2018
[Comparative ultrasound and computerized tomography studies of lumbar intervertebral disks and the lumbar canal]
Abstract:
Sonography and computerised tomography were carried out on 61 lumbar segments (L5/S1, L4/5, L3/4) of 30 patients not having vertebrogenous symptoms. Transabdominal lumbar sonography with a 3.5 MHz sector probe proved to be a valuable imaging method, allowing to demonstrate the shape and dorsal outline of the lumbar discs. Bowl-shaped, right-angled and funnel-shaped configurations of the dorsal spinal canal are typical findings. The interpretation of the ultrasonic tomograms and the identification of normal anatomy are improved through comparative imaging by computerised tomography.
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