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Phase transition in multimode nonlinear parity-time-symmetric waveguide couplers.

Wiktor Walasik1, Natalia M Litchinitser1

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Parity-time-symmetric couplers exhibit controllable nonlinear dynamics. These optical waveguide devices show oscillatory behavior influenced by light intensity, gain/loss, and beam profile, enabling novel all-optical signal processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Quantum optics
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Parity-time-symmetric (PT-symmetric) optical waveguide couplers are emerging as key components for advanced optical signal processing.
  • Their unique properties enable fast, ultracompact, and configurable all-optical functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nonlinear properties of finite-size multimode PT-symmetric couplers.
  • To understand and control the nonlinear oscillatory dynamics within these structures.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of nonlinear PT-symmetric waveguide couplers.
  • Numerical simulations to predict dynamics based on input light intensity, gain/loss amplitude, and beam profile.

Main Results:

  • Nonlinear oscillatory dynamics were predicted and shown to be controllable by input parameters.
  • A nonlinearity-induced transition was identified, with its threshold decreasing as the number of dimers increases.
  • Periodic intensity patterns were demonstrated, dependent on initial excitation.

Conclusions:

  • Finite-size PT-symmetric couplers exhibit controllable nonlinear dynamics driven by a transition.
  • The number of dimers influences the transition threshold, converging towards infinite array behavior.
  • These findings pave the way for novel all-optical signal processing applications using PT-symmetric systems.