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Related Concept Videos

Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

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Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
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The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

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The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
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Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

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A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Deacetylation Assays to Unravel the Interplay between Sirtuins SIRT2 and Specific Protein-substrates
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Deacetylation Assays to Unravel the Interplay between Sirtuins SIRT2 and Specific Protein-substrates

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Sirt1 and the Mitochondria.

Bor Luen Tang1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore.

Molecules and Cells
|February 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) influences longevity by regulating mitochondrial health. This review explores SIRT1

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a key mammalian histone deacetylase linked to longevity.
  • SIRT1's role in metabolic control and mitochondrial biogenesis is partially attributed to its deacetylation of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Gamma Coactivator-1α (PGC-1α).
  • Controversy exists regarding SIRT1's direct regulation of PGC-1α and its impact on mitochondrial biogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for SIRT1's regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and turnover.
  • To examine the relationship between SIRT1, PGC-1α deacetylation, and cellular physiology.
  • To discuss SIRT1's role in various disease contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
Keywords:
PGC-1αSirt1mitochondriamitochondrial biogenesismitophagy

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  • Analysis of studies investigating SIRT1's enzymatic activity.
  • Examination of data on mitophagy and mitochondrial quality control.

    • Main Results:

    • SIRT1 deacetylates PGC-1α, influencing mitochondrial biogenesis.
    • Evidence suggests SIRT1 is crucial for clearing defective mitochondria via mitophagy.
    • SIRT1's functions in mitochondrial dynamics are complex and context-dependent.

    Conclusions:

    • SIRT1 plays a dual role in mitochondrial health, promoting biogenesis and turnover.
    • Understanding SIRT1's regulation of mitochondria is vital for addressing metabolic diseases and aging.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate SIRT1's mechanisms in cellular physiology and disease.