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Hydrogen from Water over Openly-Structured Graphitic Carbon Nitride Polymer through Photocatalysis
Zhijun Huang1, Fengbo Li2, Bingfeng Chen1
1Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, Laboratory of New Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
Abstract:
Openly-structured g-C3 N4 microspheres (CNMS) are developed through a well-controlled strategy. These materials have unique features of open 3 D structure, ordered hierarchical porosity, and improved optical and electronic properties. Hydrogen evolution from water is performed under a 300 W Xe lamp with a cut-off filter (λ>420 nm) and Pt nanoparticles are used as the co-catalyst (3.0 wt%). The catalyst prepared at 600 °C (CNMS-600) has a hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 392 μmol h(-1) (apparent quantum yield, AQY=6.3%) at 420 nm. This value is higher than that of g-C3 N4 nanosheets prepared through thermal oxidation, liquid exfoliation, or chemical exfoliation. The HER value is only 27 μmol h(-1) (AQY=0.43%) at 420 nm for bulk g-C3 N4 from melamine. The evolution of openly-structured CNMS was investigated by TEM, FTIR, and XRD. The improved optical and electronic properties were demonstrated through UV/Vis absorption spectra, valence-band X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
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