Sex Differences in Utilisation and Response to Implantable Device Therapy

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Medical Devices
• Clinical Research

Background:

• Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) offer significant survival benefits.
• Despite proven efficacy, women are less likely to receive ICDs and CRT.
• Women are under-represented in clinical trials for cardiac devices.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review data on sex differences in clinical outcomes with ICDs and CRT.
• To explore reasons for the observed gender disparity in cardiac device therapy.
• To highlight the need for equitable access and inclusion in research.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing studies on ICD and CRT outcomes stratified by sex.
• Analysis of factors contributing to gender disparities in device implantation.
• Examination of clinical trial data regarding female participation.

Main Results:

• Evidence shows comparable benefits of ICDs and CRT for both men and women.
• Significant under-representation of female patients in cardiac device trials persists.
• Performance improvement programs demonstrate potential to reduce gender disparities.

Conclusions:

• Gender disparities in receiving life-saving ICD and CRT therapies exist.
• Increased enrollment of women in clinical trials is essential.
• Sex-specific analyses in medical device studies should be encouraged for better understanding and outcomes.