Regulatory Crosstalk by Protein Kinases on CFTR Trafficking and Activity

Carlos M Farinha1, Agnieszka Swiatecka-Urban2, David L Brautigan3

  • 1Faculty of Sciences, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa Lisbon, Portugal.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|February 3, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Protein kinases regulate the cell surface presence of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) channel. This review explores how kinases control CFTR delivery and retention, impacting epithelial transport and disease.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) is an ion channel crucial for epithelial fluid transport.
  • CFTR function is modulated by phosphorylation, involving protein kinases and phosphatases.
  • Understanding CFTR regulation is vital for addressing diseases like cystic fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent evidence on protein kinase roles in CFTR trafficking to the plasma membrane.
  • To contextualize CFTR regulation within the broader mechanisms controlling transporter abundance and activity.
  • To stimulate research into kinase-mediated membrane transport regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications.
  • Analysis of studies investigating protein kinase interactions with CFTR.
  • Comparative analysis with regulation of other membrane transporters.

Main Results:

  • Protein kinases play a significant role in regulating CFTR's delivery to and retention within the plasma membrane.
  • Kinase-mediated control impacts the overall number and activity of membrane transporters.
  • Specific details of CFTR intracellular trafficking regulation by kinases require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Protein kinases are key regulators of CFTR cell surface expression.
  • Integrated control of transporter number and activity by kinases is essential for physiological function.
  • Further research into kinase-CFTR interactions may yield new therapeutic strategies for related diseases.

Related Concept Videos

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
7.9K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
19.2K
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
7.0K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
8.2K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
3.4K
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
1.0K