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Related Concept Videos

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

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Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
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Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

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An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
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The molecular ion peak of a molecule in the mass spectrum provides vital information for molecular identification. However, conventional electron impact ionization can lead to the rapid dissociation of some molecular ions before they reach the detector. A milder ionization method is required to increase the lifetime of such ionized analyte molecules. Chemical ionization (CI) is a gas-phase protonation reaction useful for mass-analyzing analyte molecules that are easily protonated to yield the...
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High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

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The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Tandem Ion Mobility Experiments
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A compact high resolution electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometer.

T Reinecke1, A T Kirk1, A Ahrens1

  • 1Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Appelstr. 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany.

Talanta
|February 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We enhanced an ion mobility spectrometer with an electrospray ionization source, maintaining high resolution (R=100). This setup allows independent temperature control for solvent evaporation, crucial for analyzing various analytes.

Keywords:
ElectrosprayIon mobility spectrometryThree grid ion shutterWater analysis

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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a key technique for liquid analysis, producing ions via charged droplet evaporation.
  • High resolution ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) offers powerful separation capabilities.
  • Previous IMS setups utilized tritium sources for ionization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate an electrospray ionization source into a high-resolution ion mobility spectrometer.
  • To characterize the performance of the modified IMS system, particularly its resolving power and temperature control capabilities.
  • To investigate the influence of temperature and solvent composition on ion formation and mobility.

Main Methods:

  • Coupling an electrospray ionization source to a 75 mm drift tube ion mobility spectrometer.
  • Replacing the tritium ionization source with an electrospray needle, variable-length desolvation region, and a three-grid ion shutter.
  • Performing parametric studies on temperature effects in the desolvation region (up to 100 °C) with varying water/methanol solvent ratios.
  • Operating the system in negative ion mode and analyzing bentazon spectra.

Main Results:

  • The modified IMS system with ESI source achieved a resolving power of R=100, comparable to the previous tritium source configuration.
  • Independent heating of the desolvation region allows drift region temperature to remain at room temperature.
  • Parametric studies revealed the influence of temperature and solvent composition on solvent evaporation and ion mobility for different analytes.
  • Negative ion mode spectra of bentazon were successfully obtained with various solvents.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of an electrospray ionization source into a high-resolution ion mobility spectrometer is successful, maintaining analytical performance.
  • The system's independent temperature control offers flexibility in optimizing desolvation and analyzing thermally sensitive compounds.
  • This enhanced IMS setup provides a versatile platform for characterizing analytes in solution using electrospray ionization.