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Instrument validation process: a case study using the Paediatric Pain Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire.

Deborah Peirce1,2, Janie Brown2, Victoria Corkish1

  • 1Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Subiaco, WA, Australia.

Journal of Clinical Nursing
|February 4, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study compared two methods for assessing the content validity of a paediatric pain questionnaire for Australian nurses. Both the content validity index and intraclass correlation coefficient demonstrated excellent agreement, confirming the questionnaire

Keywords:
content expertcontent validitycontent validity indexinterrater agreementintraclass correlation coefficient

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Research
  • Paediatric Pain Management
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Suboptimal paediatric pain assessment and management documentation necessitates evaluating nurses' knowledge and attitudes.
  • The Paediatric Pain Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire, previously validated in the UK, required content validity assessment for Australian nurses.
  • Establishing content validity is crucial before utilizing the questionnaire in the Australian paediatric nursing context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare two methods for calculating interrater agreement.
  • To determine the content validity of the Paediatric Pain Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire for Australian nurses.

Main Methods:

  • A two-phase expert review process was employed.
  • Phase one involved 10 paediatric nurses rating the relevancy of 68 questionnaire items.
  • Phase two included five pain experts reviewing and revising items with unacceptable content validity, calculating item and scale content validity indices (CVI) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).

Main Results:

  • Initial review identified 31 items with low item-level CVI (<0.78) and a scale-level CVI of 0.80, with an ICC of 0.47.
  • Following revisions (10 items amended, 4 deleted), the revised questionnaire achieved a scale-level CVI >0.90 and an ICC of 0.94.
  • The improved scores demonstrate excellent interrater agreement and acceptable content validity.

Conclusions:

  • Both the content validity index and intraclass correlation coefficient yielded equivalent outcomes in assessing interrater agreement.
  • The content validity index offers item-level scoring and simpler calculation for assessing content validity.
  • The intraclass correlation coefficient accounts for chance agreement, though it requires statistical expertise.